This page explains Java solution to problem Minimum Cost to Connect Two Groups of Points
using Bit Masking
.
You are given two groups of points where the first group has size1
points, the second group has size2
points, and size1 >= size2
.
The cost of the connection between any two points are given in an size1 x size2
matrix where cost[i][j]
is the cost of connecting point i
of the first group and point j
of the second group. The groups are connected if each point in both groups is connected to one or more points in the opposite group. In other words, each point in the first group must be connected to at least one point in the second group, and each point in the second group must be connected to at least one point in the first group.
Return the minimum cost it takes to connect the two groups.
Example 1:Example 2:Input: cost = [[15, 96], [36, 2]]
Output: 17
Explanation: The optimal way of connecting the groups is:
1--A
2--B
This results in a total cost of 17.
Example 3:Input: cost = [[1, 3, 5], [4, 1, 1], [1, 5, 3]]
Output: 4
Explanation: The optimal way of connecting the groups is:
1--A
2--B
2--C
3--A
This results in a total cost of 4.
Note that there are multiple points connected to point 2 in the first group and point A in the second group. This does not matter as there is no limit to the number of points that can be connected. We only care about the minimum total cost.
Input: cost = [[2, 5, 1], [3, 4, 7], [8, 1, 2], [6, 2, 4], [3, 8, 8]]
Output: 10
package com.vc.hard;
import java.util.*;
class MinimumCostToConnectTwoGroupsOfPoints {
public int connectTwoGroups(List<List<Integer>> cost) {
int size1 = cost.size();
int size2 = cost.get(0).size();
int[] dp = new int[(1 << size2)];
Arrays.fill(dp, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
dp[0] = 0;
//Iterate over all the elements from group1
for(int group1 = 0; group1 < size1; group1++) {
int[] current = new int[(1 << size2)];
Arrays.fill(current, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
//For each element in a group1 there are 2^group2 possibilities
//Because each element from group1 can connect to one or more element from group2
for(int group2 = 0; group2 < size2; group2++) {
//Iterate over all 2^group2 possibilities
for(int mask = 0; mask < (1 << size2); mask++) {
int newMask = mask | (1 << group2);
//If group2 element is not connected in a current mask,
//You can derive newMask from current mask
if((mask & (1 << group2)) == 0) {
if(current[mask] != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
current[newMask] = Math.min(current[newMask],
current[mask] + cost.get(group1).get(group2));
}
}
//Check if newMask value can be reduced further by using previous row state
if(dp[mask] != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
current[newMask] = Math.min(current[newMask],
dp[mask] + cost.get(group1).get(group2));
}
}
}
dp = current;
}
return dp[(1 << size2) - 1];
}
}
O(NM * 2M) Where
N is number of elements in a group1
M is number of elements in a group2
O(2M) Where
M is number of elements in a group2